How prevalent is urinary incontinence?

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Can Fam Physician. 2005 Jan;51:84-5.

Urinary incontinence: common problem among women over 45.

Authors:

Swanson JG , Kaczorowski J , Skelly J , Finkelstein M .

Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.swansongr@yahoo.com

Objectives:

To examine age-specific prevalence and correlates of urinary incontinence (UI) among community-dwelling women.

Design:

A questionnaire survey used a modified Dillman method.

Setting:

Two family practice clinics in Hamilton, Ont.

Participants:

Questionnaires were mailed to 1082 women 45 years old and older. Ninety women were disqualified; 606 recipients responded.

Settings, Design and Main Outcome Measures:

Self-reported prevalence of UI and potential risk factors.

Results:

Overall response rate was 61% (606/992); 51% (311/606; 95% confidence interval 47.3% to 55.3%) reported an episode of UI during the last month. Of the 311 women reporting UI, 35.7% perceived it as a problem, 27% had had it for less than a year, 41.9% had had it for 1 to 4 years, and 31.1% had had it for 5 years or longer. Three kinds of UI were reported: 34% (106/311) reported stress UI, 14.5% (45/311) reported urge UI, and 51.4% (160/311) reported a mixed pattern. In multivariate analysis, the overall prevalence of incontinence increased significantly with "usually having a cough," "being troubled by swollen ankles," "giving birth," "ever smoking cigarettes," and "being troubled by headaches." Stress UI was associated with "usually having a cough" and "ever smoking cigarettes." Urge UI was associated with "having troubles with constipation" and "swollen ankles." Mixed incontinence was associated with "get sick more than other people," "usually having a cough," "taken hormones for menopause," and body mass index in the 50th to 75th percentile or greater. Age was not significantly associated with prevalence of UI or any of its subtypes. Only 40% of incontinent women indicated they had discussed urine loss with their physicians; 70% of these women felt satisfied with physicians' responses.

Conclusion:

Incontinence occurs in more than half of community-dwelling women 45 years old and older. Almost one of five women in the community reported UI that affected normal activities. Treating the effect of incontinence will require further understanding of women's coping skills and self-perceptions. Prevalence does not appear to increase with age.

Please click on the required question.

• 1  How is urine produced?
• 2  What is cystitis?
• 3  How prevalent is cystitis?
• 4  What is honeymoon cystitis?
• 5  What are Frequency and nocturia?
• 6  How prevalent are Frequency and nocturia?
• 7  What is urinary incontinence?
• 8  What is stress incontinence of urine?
• 9  What is urgency, urge incontinence and the urge syndrome?
• 10 What causes stress and urge incontinence?
• 11 What is dribbling incontinence?
• 12 How prevalent is urinary incontinence?
• 13 What is the urethral syndrome?
• 14 How can I record my bladder problems and monitor the effects of treatment?
• 15 What simple measures are available to reduce urinary incontinence?
• 16 What are pelvic floor exercises?
• 17 How successful are pelvic floor exercises?
• 18 What is bladder training?
• 19 How effective is bladder training?
• 20 Are there any alternatives to bladder training for urgency symptoms?
• 21 If simple measures do not suffice, what else is available for the treatment of urinary stress incontinence?
• 22 What are urodynamic studies?
• 23 Where can I obtain further information about bladder problems?
• 24 Support Groups.

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This is the personal website of David A Viniker MD FRCOG, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at Whipps Cross University Hospital, London - Specialist Interests - Reproductive Medicine including Infertility, PCOS, PMS, Menopause and HRT.

I do hope that you find the answers to your women's health questions in the patient information and medical advice provided.