American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 55(6 Suppl):1196S-1202S, 1992 Jun.
Abstract:
Life expectancy at birth has risen in all industrialized countries during the last 100 years, but mortality improvements by gender and region often have proceeded at very different rates. Although some countries have experienced increases in overall mortality during recent decades, the levels of life expectancy gains in countries such as Japan have confounded demographic predictions and have led to renewed research and debate over future mortality decline and the limits to human life. This paper reviews levels of and changes in life expectancy at birth and at older ages in industrialized countries during the 20th century. Trends in mortality and morbidity at older ages are summarized in the context of the historic epidemiological disease transition from infectious to chronic. Cause-specific and active/inactive decompositions of life expectancy are examined, as are initial attempts to correlate life expectancy with physical attributes that may reflect differential nutritional status..
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992
Jun;55(6 Suppl):1196S-1202S.
Changes in life expectancy 1900-1990.
Kinsella KG.
Center for International Research, US Bureau of
the Census, Washington, DC 20233.
Life expectancy at birth has risen in all
industrialized countries during the last 100
years, but mortality improvements by gender and
region often have proceeded at very different
rates. Although some countries have experienced
increases in overall mortality during recent
decades, the levels of life expectancy gains in
countries such as Japan have confounded
demographic predictions and have led to renewed
research and debate over future mortality
decline and the limits to human life. This paper
reviews levels of and changes in life expectancy
at birth and at older ages in industrialized
countries during the 20th century. Trends in
mortality and morbidity at older ages are summarized in the context of the historic
epidemiological disease transition from
infectious to chronic. Cause-specific and
active/inactive decompositions of life expectancy are examined, as are initial attempts
to correlate life expectancy with physical
attributes that may reflect differential
nutritional status.
Life expectancy at birth has risen in all industrialized countries during the last 100 years, but mortality improvements by gender and region often have proceeded at very different rates. Although some countries have experienced increases in overall mortality during recent decades, the levels of life expectancy gains in countries such as Japan have confounded demographic predictions and have led to renewed research and debate over future mortality decline and the limits to human life. This paper reviews levels of and changes in life expectancy at birth and at older ages in industrialized countries during the 20th century. Trends in mortality and morbidity at older ages are summarized in the context of the historic epidemiological disease transition from infectious to chronic. Cause-specific and active/inactive decompositions of life expectancy are examined, as are initial attempts to correlate life expectancy with physical attributes that may reflect differential nutritional status.
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