There are a number of microorganisms that may cause vaginal infection and several may co-exist.
These are yeast organisms that are found in the vagina in 25% of women usually without any symptoms. The most common species of candida to be found in the vagina is Candida albicans which is an organism that lives in the bowel and can easily be transferred from back to front passage. Symptoms occur when there is an excess of the yeast. High blood sugar levels (diabetes mellitus), pregnancy, antibiotics and steroid administration tend to increase the incidence of candidiasis. An acidic environment encourages the growth of the candida.
Typically, acute candida vaginitis (inflammation of the vagina) is accompanied by intense irritation. vaginal candida is colloquially known as Thrush. The discharge is thick and white (described as milk curds). The skin of the vulva surrounding the vaginal entrance may be acutely red.
This is a protozoan (each organism is much bigger than a bacterium and is capable of propelling itself by means of a flagella which is hair-like structure). Infection is generally acquired by sexual contact. There is an offensive, greenish frothy vaginal discharge and often vaginal and vulval soreness and irritation.
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