Authors:
Rodin DA. Fisher AM. Clayton RN.
Institution:
Department of Endocrinology, North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary, Princes Road,Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7LN; United Kingdom.
Title:
Cycle abnormalities in infertile women with regular menstrual cycles: Effects of clomiphene citrate treatment (1994-372).
Source:
Fertility and Sterility. Vol 62(1) (pp2-47), 1994.
Abstract:
Objectives:
To investigate the incidence and nature of cycle abnormalities and the effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) treatment in women with apparently ovulatory cycles and unexplained infertility.
Design:
Nonrandomized, open study of patients before and during treatment.
Setting:
The Reproductive Medicine Clinic of a District General Hospital.
Patients:
Thirty-five women with regular, apparently ovulatory menstrual cycles and unexplained infertility.
Interventions:
Detailed ultrasound and hormonal cycle tracking was performed before and during treatment with CC.
Settings, Design and Main Outcome Measures:
Serial ultrasound scans and measurements of serum LH, FSH, E2, and P.
Results:
Before treatment, 54% of cycles were uniovulatory, 40% were characterized by cyst formation, and 6% were characterized by poor follicular growth. Fifty-one percent of pretreatment cycles had normal hormone profiles, 31% had defective luteal phases, 14% had increased early follicular phase serum FSH levels, and 9% had increased early follicular phase serum LH levels. Treatment with CC reduced the incidence of cyst formation to 9% and the incidence of luteal phase defects to 3%. However, 28% of CC-treated cycles showed ultrasound features of overstimulation and 51% had high follicular phase E2 peaks so that only 34% of CC-treated cycles had normal hormone profiles.
Conclusions:
Cycle abnormalities are common in unexplained infertility. The incidence of cyst formation and luteal phase defects, the most common abnormalities in this group, is reduced by CC treatment.
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